| 科目 | 雅思口语 |
| 考试日期 | 2016.3.19 |
| 考题概述与分析： Part1 hometown, museum, history, countryside, work or study, snacks, teacher, reading books, color, hurry time, house or apartment, stay up late, music concert, handwriting, subject, teamwork, travel, swimming, keep healthy, vegetables and fruits Part 2&3 part 2 article about healthy living part 3 中国人喜欢怎么样运动 室内 室外 年轻人跟老年人运动方式不同 阅读书或杂志对运动有没有帮助 part 2：描述一个被污染的地方。part 3：问了一堆和环境污染有关的问题，政府应不应该管理污染 part 2 Describe a goal you’d like to achieve in the future.part 3孩子应该设立一个目标吗。应该在什么时候设立，谁可以帮助他们，有人觉得污染和他无关，你怎么看?还有没有别的污染 part 2 your future job you have decided part 3你们国家的年轻人大体上都有哪些未来目标?年轻人什么年龄做出未来计划?父母，老师，同学那个更可能指导你做出计划? part 2 a long car joutney part 3 各类汽车的问题 国人都买汽车吗?汽车能提供什么?countryside用不用买汽车?不同汽车区别?买汽车对所有人都有好处吗?大型豪车是否是身份标识? part 2和你在一起时间最长的家人、part 3中国现在都是几代人住在一起、有追问妈妈管孩子还是爸爸管孩子，几代人住在一起有什么缺点么? 家人对你的帮助还是朋友对你的帮助大 part 2 a new skill you want to learn part 3你觉得哪些技能是人们必须掌握的，为什么?哪些实用技能是从孩童时代应该开始掌握的?比如烹饪、驾驶?你觉得男孩和女孩是否应该掌握相同的技能?为什么?为什么女孩不能掌握男孩子擅长的，男孩子不能掌握女孩子擅长的?有哪些技能是以前不重要现在变重要的?找工作时需要什么技能?交流技能重不重要?为什么?重要的话要怎么培养? part 2：一个喜欢乘飞机的人 part 3：乘飞机的利弊，乘飞机时人们追求舒适还是价格等 part 2 favorute childhood toy part 3，小孩为什么喜欢玩具喜欢什么样的玩具，麦当劳拿玩具当赠品好吗?孩子为什么怎么收藏玩具? part 2 favorite sport part 3 中国最受欢迎的运动那集体运动呢 为什么你喜欢游泳 不喜欢瑜伽一类 part 2 未来目标 part 3年轻人未来目标该不该定高 谁会影响年轻人做决定 年轻人应该多久独立 |
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| 对学生提示：高分范例 Describe an article you read from a magazine or from the internet about healthy life. You should say: what the article was about when and where you read it how it was related to healthy life and explain why you think it is a good or bad article. Several days ago, I read an article about introducing a bunch of health tips for healthy living in the medicinenet.com, which is a professional healthcare website and provides easy-to-read, in-depth medical information for its readers. This article was shared in the Facebook for thousands of times, so I didn’t hesitate to click the link to go for it. This article is designed to give tips to readers about how they can improve or augment actions in their life to have a healthy lifestyle. It provides loads of feasible practices of eating, physical activities and exercise, mental health, tobacco use and etc, so you can see, all these aspects are very important and closely related to the healthy life. For example, it advises me to get to know the source of all stress to help me fell in control because the more control I feel I have over my life, the less damaging the stress in my life will be. Therefore, I felt that the article was really helpful because it clearly uncovered some advantages and drawbacks of different lifestyles and provided me the most healthy way beneficial to my body. |
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| 科目 | 阅读 |
| 考试日期 | 2016年3月19日 |
| 考题概述与分析： Passage One 题目：Multitasking Debate Can you do them at the same time? A Talking on the phone while driving isn’t the only situation where we’re worse at multitasking than we might like to think we are. New studies have identified a bottleneck in our brains that some say means we arc fundamentally incapable of true multitasking If experimental findings reflect real-world performance, people who think they are multitasking are probably just underperforming in all - or at best, all but one - of their parallel pursuits. Practice might improve your performance, but you will never be as good as when focusing on one task at a time. B The problem, according to Rend Marois, a psychologist at Vanderbilt University in Nashville.Tennessee, is that there’s a sticking point in the brain. To demonstrate this, Marois devised an experiment to locate it. Volunteers watch a screen and when a particular image appears, a red circle, say, they have to press a key with their index finger. Different coloured circles require presses from different fingers. Typical response time is about half a second, and the volunteers quickly reach their peak performance. Then they learn to listen to different recordings and respond by making a specific sound. For instance, when they hear a bird chirp, they have to say "ba" ;an electronic sound should elicit a "ko" , and so on. Again, no problem. A normal person can do that in about half a second, with almost no effort. C The trouble comes when Marois shows the volunteers an image, then almost immediately plays them a sound. Now they’re flummoxed. "If you show an image and play a sound at the same time, one task is postponed, " he says. In fact, if the second task is introduced within the half-second or so it takes to process and react to the first, it will simply be delayed until the first one is done. The largest dual-task delays occur when the two tasks are presented simultaneously; delays progressively shorten as the interval between presenting the tasks lengthens. D There are at least three points where we seem to get stuck, says Marois. The first is in simply identifying what we’ re looking at. This can take a few tenths of a second, during which time we are not able to see and recognise a second item. This limitation is known as the "attentional blink" : experiments have shown that if you’re watching out for a particular event and a second one shows up unexpectedly any time within this crucial window of concentration, it may register in your visual cortex but you will be unable to act upon it. Interestingly, if you don’t expect the first event, you have no trouble responding to the second. What exactly causes the attentional blink is still a matter for debate. E A second limitation is in our short-term visual memory. It’s estimated that we can keep track of about four items at a time, fewer if they are complex. This capacity shortage is thought to explain, in part, our astonishing inability to detect even huge changes in scenes that are otherwise identical, so-called "change blindness" . Show people pairs of near-identical photos - say, aircraft engines in one picture have disappeared in the other - and they will fail to spot the differences. Here again, though, there is disagreement about what the essential limiting factor really is. Does it come down to a dearth of storage capacity, or is it about how much attention a viewer is paying? F A third limitation is that choosing a response to a stimulus - braking when you see a child in the road, for instance, or replying when your mother tells you over the phone that she’s thinking of leaving your dad - also takes brainpower. Selecting a response to one of these things will delay by some tenths of a second your ability to respond to the other. This is called the "response selection bottleneck" theory, first proposed in 1952. G But David Meyer, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, doesn’t buy the bottleneck idea. He thinks dual-task interference is just evidence of a strategy used by the brain to prioritise multiple activities. Meyer is known as something of an optimist by his peers. He has written papers with titles like a" Virtually perfect time-sharing in dual-task performance: Uncorking the central cognitive bottleneck" . His experiments have shown that with enough practice - at least 2000 tries - some people can execute two tasks simultaneously as competently as if "they were doing them one after the other. He suggests that there is a central cognitive processor that coordinates all this and, what’s more, he thinks it uses discretion: sometimes it chooses to delay one task while completing another. H Marois agrees that practice can sometimes erase interference effects, He has found that with just I hour of practice each day for two weeks, volunteers show a huge improvement at managing both his tasks at once. Where he disagrees with Meyer is in what the brain is doing to achieve this. Marois speculates that practice might give us the chance to find less congested circuits to execute a task - rather like finding trusty back streets to avoid heavy traffic on main roads - effectively making our response to the task subconscious. After all, there are plenty of examples of subconscious multitasking that most of us routinely manage: walking and talking, eating and reading, watching TV and folding the laundry. I It probably comes as no surprise that, generally speaking, we get worse at multitasking as we age. According to Art Kramer at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, who studies how ageing affects our cognitive abilities, we peak in our 20s. Though the decline is slow through our 30s and on into our 50s. it is there; and after 55, it becomes more precipitous. In one study, he and his colleagues had both young and old participants do a simulated driving task while carrying on a conversation. He found that while young drivers tended to miss background changes, older drivers failed to notice things that were highly relevant. Likewise, older subjects had more trouble paying attention to the more important parts of a scene than young drivers. J It’s not all bad news for over-55s, though. Kramer also found that older people can benefit from practice. Not only did they learn to perform better, brain scans showed that underlying that improvement was a change in the way their brains become active. While it’s clear that practice can often make a difference, especially as we age, the basic facts remain sobering. "We have this impression of an almighty complex brain. " says Marois,"and yet we have very humbling and crippling limits. " For most of our history, we probably never needed to do more than one thing at a time, he says, and so we haven’t evolved to be able to. Perhaps we will in future,though. We might yet look back one day on people like Debbie and Alun as ancestors of a new breed of true multi taskers. Questions 28-32 The reading Passage has ten paragraphs A-J. Which paragraph contains the following information? Write the correct letter A-J, in boxes 28-32 on your answer sheet. 28 A theory explained delay happens when selecting one reaction 29 Different age group responds to important things differently 30 Conflicts happened when visual and audio element emerge simultaneously 31 An experiment designed to demonstrates blocks for multitasking 32 An viewpoint favors optimistic side of multitask performance Questions 33-35 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D. Write your answers in boxes 33-35 on your answer sheet. 33 Which one is correct about experiment conducted by René Marois? A participants performed poorly on listening task solely B volunteers press different key on different color C participants need use different fingers on different colored object D they did a better job on Mixed image and sound information 34 Which statement is correct about the first limitation of Marois’s experiment? A "attentional blink" takes about ten seconds B lag occurs if we concentrate on one object while second one appears C we always have trouble in reacting the second one D first limitation can be avoid by certain measures 35 Which one is NOT correct about Meyer’s experiments and statements? A just after failure in several attempts can people execute dual-task B Practice can overcome dual-task interference C Meyer holds a different opinion on Marois’s theory D an existing processor decides whether delay another task or not Questions 36-40 Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3? In boxes 36-40 on your answer sheet, write YES if the statement is true NO if the statement is false NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage 36 Longer gap between two presenting tasks means shorter delay toward the second one. 37 Incapable in human memory cause people sometimes miss the differences when presented two similar images. 38 Marois has different opinion on the claim that training removes bottleneck effect. 39 According to Art Kramer, is a correlation between multitasking performance and genders 40 The author doesn’t believe that effect of practice could bring any variation. Passage Two 新旧情况：旧 题目：Violin by manual work or large-scale product 题型：标题配对 8判断 5 文章大意： 主要观点是年代久远的乐器和现代乐器的价值比较，小提琴贵的原因，现代科学对下乐 器制作的影响及评定 答案： 1-3 list of heading 从争论价格到手工工艺到应用现代技术，木材年代及油漆差异，木材的处理到 top musician 对手工 和工业化 violin 的偏爱不同 Old wound Top artists’ preference Manual process 4-8) TFNG 4. 不同的人演奏同意吧琴也不一样 5. 电脑逼人的耳朵听音色更准确 6 不同的人做出来的琴不一样 7 科技在最初自动化做琴的作用 8. 工业生产的琴在搞基琴师中开始流行 Passage Three 题目：早期城市 新旧情况：新 待补充 |
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| 本次考试难度适中，第三篇新文章关于早期城市，第一篇话题涉及到管理类的多任务处理，对应文章的剑6 P70 motivating employees under adverse conditions 多积累这类文章的词汇是一个很好的方法，并且了解一些最基本的赏识有助于做题。针对做题顺序，可以优先做小标题配对题，对整篇文章有清晰的脉络。然后做好定位的判断题，填空题这类细节处理的，选择题定位时候留意整段，避免陷阱。最后可以选择做段落细节题 |
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| 科目 | 写作 |
| 考试日期 | 2016.3.19 |
| 考题概述与分析： A 类小作文 图表类型：柱状图 作文题目： distribution of employment among agriculture，services, industries in three countries in 1980 and projected distribution in2020 A 类大作文 作文题目： Some people think healthcare should be free for everyone, while others think people should pay for their healthcare. 题型类别: 观点类 题材类别: 社会类 类似旧题： Government should pay for people’ s education and health care. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Sample: The issue whether individual’s healthcare should be afforded by government or on their own has always been heated. Then, I will elaborately analyze the hot topic in this essay. Many people hold the opinion that the cost of healthcare should be paid by authority. Initially, this practice will be beneficial the security of a city. And government has the obligation to provide medical security for its members. Regardless of their financial conditions, individual should enjoy equal medical services. This is particularly important for the orderly development of a city. Otherwise, the entire society will become much disharmonious, which will cause the orderly development of the whole city. In addition, there is no doubt that healthcare is one of the basic rights shared by public government’s budget largely is paid by tax imposed on taxpayers. Therefore, citizens have rights to receive healthcare services offered by administrative departments. However, suppose that healthcare spending is afforded by people, it will bring some benefits in some aspects. Free healthcare, in their opinions, will put a huge amount of financial burden on the government budget, which should go to more important sectors such as education and environmental protection. In this case, is also adversely affects the development of a country. But, if people have to pay for their own healthcare, I think many problems may arise. The most serious one is that those poor people cannot enjoy healthcare because they are not able to afford the healthcare costs. The consequence brought by this policy would be counteractive. Overall, I am strongly convinced that government should assume the responsibility to pay for the healthcare in light of its advantages outweighing its disadvantages. |
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| 对学生提示： 这个题目属于雅思写作里面的“政府投资类”话题，是最常规的雅思考题。 第一方观点： 1.医疗是人的基本权利，政府有义务为人们提供医疗保障，使得社会更加公平，确保社会稳定。 2.每个人都是纳税人，有权享受政府的医疗保险。 第二方观点： 如果个人自付医疗费，则能够提供充足的资金，减轻政府的负担。 |
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